语言学第一章节.pptVIP

A New Concise Course on Linguistics for Students of English 辽宁大学外国语学院 英语师范教育系 任课教师 : Nymph Li Contents Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Phonology Chapter 3 Morphology Chapter 4 Syntax Chapter 5 Semantics Chapter 6 Pragmatics Chapter 7 Language Change Chapter 8 Language and Society Chapter 9 Language and Culture Chapter 10 Language Acquisition Chapter 11 Second language Acquisition Chapter 12 Language and Brain Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 What is Linguistics? 1.1.1 Definition Linguistics: scientific study of language About two questions: what is language how does language work Linguistics studies not any particular language but it studies languages in general. Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1.2 The Scope of Linguistics (general linguistics) Phonetics: study of sound Phonology: how sound are put together Morphology: the way in which the sound symbols are arranged and combined to form words Syntax: study the rules that govern the sentences Semantics: study of meaning Pragmatics: study the language in use in the context Chapter 1 Introduction Interdisciplinary branches of linguistic study Sociolinguistics: social aspects of language Psycholinguistics: study of language to psychology Applied linguistics: study of the application of the speech abilities of solving the practical problems Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1.3 important distinctions in linguistics Prescriptive VS. descriptive ↓ ↓ rules of using language language people actually use Modern linguistics is mostly descriptive Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1.3 important distinctions in linguistics Synchronic VS. Diachronic ↓ ↓ langua