斜视与屈光不正英文ppt课件.pptVIP

Fujian Provincial Hospital Wenjie Wu MD., PhD. Chapter 15 Strabismus Any Deviation From Perfect Ocular Alignment Definitions Conjugate movement: Movement of the eyes in the same direction at the same time. Ductions: Monocular rotations with no consideration of the position of the other eye. abduction Infraduction （Depression） Supraduction （Elevation） adduction Fusion: Formation of one image from the two images seen simultaneously by the two eyes. Motor Fusion: Adjustments made by the brain in innervation of extraocular muscles in order to bring both eyes into bifoveal and torsional alignment. Sensory Fusion: Integration in the visual sensory areas of the brain of images seen with the two eyes into one picture. Definitions Definitions Heterophoria(phoria): Latent deviation of the eyes held straight by binocular fusion. Esophoria Exophoria Hyperphoria Hpophoria Heterotropia (Tropia) Strabismus: Manifest deviation of the eyes that cannot be controlled by binocular fusion. Esotropia Exotropia Hypertropia Hypotropia Definitions Orthophoria: The absence of any tendency of either eye to deviate when fusion is suspended. Seldom Primary deviation: The deviation measured with the normal eye fixing and the eye with the paretic muscle deviating. Prism diopter: A unit of angular measurement used to characterize ocular deviation. A 1-diopter prism deflects a ray of light toward the base of the prism by 1 centimeter at 1 meter. One degree of arc equals approximately 1.7?. Definitions Secondary deviation: The deviation measured with the paretic eye fixing and the normal eye deviating. Torsion: Rotation of the eye about its anteroposterior axis Intorsion(Incycloduction): Rotation of the 12 O’clock meridian of the eye toward the midline of the head. Exorsion(Excycloduction): Rotation of the 12 O’clock meridian of the eye away from the midline of the head. Vergences(Disjunctive movements): Movement of the two eyes in opposite direction . Con