2017-2018学年高中英语 Unit 4 Public transpor Section Ⅳ Grammar amp; Writing教学案 牛津译林版选修7.docVIP

Unit 4 Public transpor Section Ⅳ Grammar amp; Writing 语法图解 探究发现 ①This traffic problem led to the development of the underground system. ②In 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up... ③When London was bombed, many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters. ④But you will have tofill in a form and then we will decide on the best way. ⑤We could split up into groups, and come at different times. ⑥I can call youback later. [我的发现] (1)以上例句中黑体部分在句中作谓语；它们不是一个词单独作谓语而是由动词加一个介词或副词一起作谓语。 (2)①③④句中黑体部分的构成特点是它们都是由动词加介词构成的，相当于及物动词，可以直接带宾语。 (3)②句中黑体部分的构成特点是由动词加副词构成的，其后不接宾语；若接宾语，需要加介词，如⑤句。 (4)⑥句中黑体部分的构成特点是由动词加副词构成的，其后可以加宾语。宾语为代词时，必须放在动词与副词之间。 一、动词短语的常见构成方式及特点 1．动词＋副词 该类动词短语分及物的和不及物的两类。 Please turn off every light in the house. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。(及物) Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。(不及物) 2．动词＋介词 该类动词短语相当于及物动词。动词与介词不能分开，宾语只能放在介词之后。 Imlooking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼镜。 Taking enough exercisecontributes to good health. 进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。 [名师点津]　同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大差异。look after “照料”；loot at “看”；loot for “寻找”；look into “调查”。 3．动词＋副词＋介词 I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。 How can you put up with all these for so long? 你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间？ [名师点津]　(1)及物动词短语后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。 (2)如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。 He gave the secret away. ＝Hegave away the secret. 他泄露了秘密。 The basket is very light. I can easily pick it up. 这个篮子很轻，我可以容易地拿起来。 二、常见重点动词短语 1．以break为中心的短语 break away from　脱离，逃离，甩掉 break down 消除，粉碎，瓦解；出故障，拋锚 break into 闯入；强行进入 break out 爆发，发生 break through 突破 break up 解散；结束 　介、副词填空 ①The prisoner broke away from his guards. ②We had our house broken into last night. ③Fire broke out during the night. ④Sorry, Im late. My car broke down on the halfway. ⑤(天津高考改编)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them. 2．以bring为中心的短语 bring about　　　导致，引起，促使 bring back 带回；使回忆；使恢复 bring down 使下降，降低；收缩 bring out 使显出；使显现；出版；生产 bring up 抚养，养育，培养 bring in 赚得，挣；引