N.格里高利.曼昆 经济学原理第7，8章.docVIP

N.格里高利.曼昆 经济学原理第7，8章 N. 格里高利 . 曼昆 著 7 This is a very theoretical chapter. Most students in principles-level courses are a bit less patient with theory than with real-world applications. However, you can tell your students that learning the material in this chapter will pay off in (at least) two ways. First, the tools introduced in this chapter (consumer amp; producer surplus, welfare economics) are used extensively in the real world to assess the costs and benefits of policies and market imperfections. When does a policy do more harm than good? Who does the policy make better off, and