王朔《计算机辅助建筑设计》曲线与曲面初步.pptxVIP

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王朔《计算机辅助建筑设计》曲线与曲面初步.pptx

曲线与曲面基础知识 (补充材料) 王朔;BEZIER CURVES;在CAD中,设计师需要设计出各种各样的曲线;数学中,曲线是通过各种各样的方程表示的,比如一条通过点A(0,0)、B(1,1)的直线可以表示为: y=x 或者用参数方程表示: ????????????P(u) = (1-u)A+tB 再比如一个通过原点(1,2)、半径为2的圆可以表示为: ????????????(x-1)2 + (y-2)2 = 4 或者用参数方程表示: ????????????x = 2cos(u)+1 ????????????y = 2sin(u)+2 上面举例的是两种很简单的曲线,对于更复杂的曲线可以用更复杂的方程来表示. ;f(u) = ( acos(u), asin(u), bu ) ;内插曲线 拟合曲线;Interpolating Lagrange curve;Pedit_Spline.dwg;? Mathematical representation of physical splines ? C2 continuous ? Interpolate all control points ? Have Global control (no local control);Splines ? Popularized in late 1960s in US Auto industry (GM) – R. Riesenfeld (1972) – W. Gordon ? Origin: the thin wood or metal strips used in building/ship construction ? Goal: define a curve as a set of piecewise simple polynomial functions connected together;Pierre Bezier for his fundamental contribution Robin Forrest for his insight Bill Gordon for his mathematical contributions Carl de Boor and Maurice Cox for the Cox-de Boor algorithm Steve Coons for his mathematical genius Rich Riesenfeld for B-splines Elaine Cohen, Tom Lyche and Rich Riesenfeld for the Oslo Algorithms Lewie Knapp for rational B-splines Ken Versprie for NURBS;Dr. Pierre B′ezier. B′ezier was an engineer with the Renault car company and set out in the early 1960’s to develop a curve formulation which would lend itself to shape design.; 贝塞尔曲线于1962年,由法国工程师皮埃尔·贝塞尔(Pierre Bézier)所广泛发表,他运用贝塞尔曲线来为汽车的主体进行设计。贝塞尔曲线最初由Paul de Casteljau(保尔·德·卡斯戴尧) 于1959年运用de Casteljau算法开发,以稳定数值的方法求出贝塞尔曲线。;Bezier曲线;Bezier曲线(Quadratic Bezier Spline);将A(u)和B(u)的公式代入C(u)得到: ????????????C(u) = (1-u)A(u)+uB(u) ???????????????????= (1-u) [(1-u)P + uQ] +?u [(1-u)Q + uR] ???????????????????= (1-u)^2 P +2u(1-u) Q + u^2 R????????????????????????( 0=u=1 ) 上面的公式给出了从三个控制点P、Q和R,求取参数u对于的曲线上点的方法,如果u=0,则C(0)=P;如果u=1,则C(1)=R,说明曲线通过P和R,与上图的观察是一致的;;如果有四个控制点P、Q、R和S,给定一个参数值u,0=u=1,如何求u对应的Bezier曲线上的点?还是用上述迭代的方法,最后得到的方程是: ????????????C(u) = (1-u)^3 P + 3u(1-u)^2 Q + 3u^2(1-u) R + u^3 S 绘制出来的曲线如下图所示:;B′ezier curv

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