毕业及设计说明书--哈锅300MW燃煤电站锅炉热力及设计及计算.docVIP

哈锅300MW燃煤电站锅炉热力设计及计算 摘 要 火电厂是中国电力的主要组成部分，而火力发电中，是以燃烧煤炭为主。但是我国目前的电厂主要是小型火电厂，小型电站能源利用率低，污染物排放不能达标；而大型电站能在一定程度上解决上述问题。因此，大型电站锅炉整体结构设计就有这样的实际意义。 本设计的电站锅炉额定蒸发量为1025t/h，出口蒸汽压力为17.26MPa，所配置的汽轮机为300MW，为亚临界自然循环燃煤锅炉。该设计主要包括了锅炉的总体布置设计，其中主要是锅炉炉膛和其中的受热面，对流烟道和其中的各个对流受热面的布置；燃烧产物和锅炉的热平衡计算；炉膛的设计和热力计算；锅炉燃烧形式的选择，锅炉燃烧器的选择，还有各个主要对流受热面的热力计算。炉膛四周采用膜式水冷壁。设计燃料为烟煤，采用中速磨正压冷一次风机直吹式制粉系统，燃烧器四角切圆布置，固态排渣。过热器分二级，再热器分二级。省煤器为非沸腾式，空气预热器采用两级，高温空气预热器采用回转式，低温级采用管式空气预热器。该设计对各受热面进行了详细的结构尺寸计算和热力计算。 关键词： 300MW；自然循环；结构设计；对流受热面；热力计算；1025t/h Boiler design and thermal caculation of 300MW coal-fired power plant in Haerbin Abstract Thermal power plant is the main force of Chinese electricity,and coal-fired boiler is the main part. But the plants of our country now are mainly the small thermal power plants. The efficiency of small power plant is low while the environmental pollution is serious. Large-scale power plant can address this issue to a certain extent. This structural design of large-scale power plant boiler has such practical significance. The amount of rated evaporation of this power plant boiler is 1025t / h and the existing steam pressure is 17.26MPa. It is natural circulation and coal-fired sub-critical pressure boiler, with the steam turbine for the 300MW. The design includes the overall layout design of the boiler, mainly including the boiler furnace and the heating surface of it ,convection flue and each convection heat transfer surface layout of them ; combustion products and the boiler heat balance calculation; furnace design and thermal calculation; choice of boiler type and the choice of boiler burner, and the thermal calculation of various major convection heating surface,and of course also including the layout of wind and smoke and thermodynamic calculation.Diaphragm water-wall is around the furnace.The designed fuel is bituminous coal,with medium-speed pulverizer, positive pressure, cold primary air fan and direct blow-type milling system. The burner is