语法动名词知识回顾.docVIP

语法动名词知识回顾 非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：动名词具有名词的特征；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等。 动名词的形式和特征 动名词由动词原形加词尾—ing 构成，与现在分词形式相同。 动名词可以起名词的作用，在句中作主语和宾语等；同时，它还保留着一点动词的特征，如有完成式和被动语态，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动名词短语。 II.动名词的用法 作主语 Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language. Seeing is believing.. 动名词短语作主语可由it来代替： It’s no use talking about it. It is nice meeting you here. 作宾语 It’s cold here. Would you mind closing the window? He enjoys listening to music. Thank you for helping me. 3. 作表语 My job is teaching you English. 2）Seeing is believing. 注：动名词作表语通常可以和主语互换。 作定语 There is a swimming pool in our school. They met in a waiting room. 注：动名词和现在分词作定语时的区别： 动名词和现在分词在形式上完全相同，都可以作定语。 1)动名词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的用途，而不表示动作，可改成介词for的结构。如： a sleeping car =a car for sleeping a swimming pool =a pool for swimming 2)现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，可改成一个定语从句。如： a sleeping boy =a boy who is sleeping III．动名词的完成式 由“having+过去分词”构成。表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He doesn’t remember having met me somewhere before. She regretted having missed the film. IV．动名词的被动式 由“being+过去分词”构成。 1）I remember being taken to Beijing when I was a child. 2) He came in without being asked. V．动名词的否定形式 由 “not+动名词”构成。 The girl made her mother angry by not taking her medicine. I regret not being able to help you. VI．动名词的复合结构 由物主代词或名词所有格加动名词构成(one’s doing)，在句中作主语、宾语等。 Do you mind my smoking in the office? I remember Wei Fang’s going there. 注：在口语和非正式英语中，这种结构如不在句首时，常用人称代词宾 格代替物主代词，用名词普通格代替所有格。 They don’t like me coming here. I remember Wei Fang going there. 动名词要点综合 代词it代替动名词作主语的固定短语: It is no use It is no good It is a waste of time/money doing sth. It is nice 二、接动名词作宾语的专用动词: suggest advise practise finish avoid miss mind enjoy consider admit allow permit imagine escape keep delay deny appreciate postpone fancy endure 三、接动名词或不定式意义相似的动词: love like dislike hate prefer begin start continue intend attempt propose