10虚拟语气PPT.pptVIP

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  • 2018-02-10 发布于江苏
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10虚拟语气PPT

虚拟语气 概说 语气是以动词形式表现出来的语法特征,它表示说话人对事物所持的态度。 1)陈述语气 She is very clever. 2)祈使语气 Don’t be late for the meeting. 3)虚拟语气(表示假设的情况、主观愿望等。) If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk。 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。 真实条件句  条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。 真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中 if 是“如果”的意思。     时态关系 句型: 条件从句    主句    一般现在时   shall/will + 动词原形  If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题  The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.  A. will rain  B. rains  C. rained  D. is rained  答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。 区别真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。 (非真实条件状语从句 If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。(非真实条件状语从句) 注意: 1) 在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来,该用shall, will.  (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.  (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.  2) 表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 2 虚拟语气的形式 (天一20-23,云飞89-93),一般应用在三种结构中:1)“条件从句”结构;2)动词wish 后接的宾语从句;3)形容词结构后接的主语从句. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.   含义:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.   If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.   含义: He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.  c.  表示对将来的假想  句型:  条件从句       主句      一般过去时      should+ 动词原形      were+ 不定式     would + 动词原形      should+ 动词原形  If you succeeded, everything would be all right.  If you should succeed, everything would be all right.  If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 错综时间条件句(混合条件句 ) 有时条件从句谓语动词表示的动作和主句谓语表示的动作发生的时间不一致,这类句子称为错综时间条件句。此时主从句动词的形式应根据各自所表示的时间进行调整。 If you had taken my advice then, you wouldn‘t be in trouble now. 如果当时听我劝,你现在

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