湖北省宜昌市高中英语Unit1AlandofdiversityPartIIIGrammar名词性从句学案无答案新人教版选修.docVIP

Unit1 A Land of diversity Part III Grammar名词性从句 一、【基础知识】 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词（词组）, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为________从句、_________从句、________从句和___________从句。 一． .名词性从句的引导词 1. 连接词 that 只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如： I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday. That he likes you is very obvious. 2. 连接词 whether 也不充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引导宾语从句时，可换成 if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if。 He asked whether/if I would show him the way. Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. (引导主语从句，不能用 if 代替 whether) 【比较】whether与if 均为是否的意思。但在下列情况下，只用whether ，不用if： a. whether引导主语从句并在句首 b. 引导表语从句 c. whether从句作介词宾语 d. 从句后有or not 　 3. 连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。如： That’s why she wanted to leave. When we arrive doesnt matter. Tell me which one you like best. 4. 连接副词 when, where, why, how，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语。如： The question is how we should carry out the plan. When she’ll be back depends much on the weather. Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 二.名词性从句的热点引导词 1. what引导的名词性从句有两个意思：一是表示“什么”，带有疑问意味；二是表示“…所…的人或物”。如： I don’t know what you want. I don’t know what you want is this. 2. whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句，其意分别为“所…的一切事或东西”、“任何…的人”、“…的任何人或物”等。如： Whoever wants the book may have it. I’ll do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest. Whoever comes will be welcome. 另外，它们也可引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论…”、“不管…”，其意相当于 no matter who/what/which。如： Whatever happens, you must be calm. (whatever = no matter what) He wont eat you, whoever he is. (whoever = no matter who) 3. 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。 常用句型：It + be + 过去分词 + that ….：该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.。 It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that ….。例如： It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. It appears that To