【英语读物】Great English Monarchs and their Times （昔日的英国王室）.pdfVIP

Great English Monarchs and their Times by Gina D.B. Clemen 1 / 40 Contents PART ONE: HENRY VIII - A TUDOR KING3 Introduction3 Chapter One: The Young King 4 Chapter Two: War, Peace and Taxes 6 Chapter Three: The Break with Rome 8 Chapter Four: Henrys Later Years 11 PART TWO: ELIZABETHI - THE VERGIN QUEEN14 Introduction14 Chapter One: Young Elizabeth 15 Chapter Two: Plots and Problems18 Chapter Three: Exploration and Discovery20 Chapter Four: The Spanish Armada23 PART THREE: VICTORIA - MOTHER OF THE EMPIRE27 Introduction27 Chapter One: The Lonely Princess 28 Chapter Two: The Growth of Commerce and Industry 31 Chapter Three: Wars and Loss34 Chapter Four: The End of an Era 37 2 / 40 PART ONE: HENRY VIII - A TUDOR KING Introduction To understand the English monarchs it is important to understand their times. Today some of their actions seem cruel or extravagant①. But remember that their times were very different from ours. A king or queen of the 16th century had unlimited power. Everyone wanted to please the monarch. Rebels② or enemies were eliminated! Executions were a common event in Europe. Henry VIII was the son of Henry VII, the first Tudor King. He became king during the Renaissance③, a time of great change. The Renaissance brought new ideas to art, science and philosophy. However, many of these new ideas clashed④ with the church. So, the church and religion changed with the Reformation⑤. The geography of the world changed too. Explorers discovered new lands, new people and new products. All his life Henry VIII desperately wanted a male heir⑥ to keep the Tudor on the throne of England. He had a very complex per