分词的时态和语态.ppt

Present Participle and Gerund-ing 分词和动名词 (-ing分词的时态和语态) e.g. Walking down the street, I bumped into the strange old man. Having had the breakfast, he was allowed to leave the table. Being caught at the station, the thief still made effort to run away. Having been criticized by the teacher, he decided to give up the habit. Criticized by the teacher, he decided to give up the habit. * * Tell the function of the -ing participles phrases : 1. Being praised by the customers encouraged him to do better. Subject Cf. 1 Being praised by the customers, the salesgirl felt shy and turned red. Is it a subject ? Adverbial Cf. 2 Praised by the customers, he made up his mind to do his job better. Past participle used as the adverbial Cf. 2 __________ (praise) by the customers will make him strive to do his job better. Being praised David stood by, watching the TV set being repaired at that time. _________________ -ing participle The old lady didn’t mind being left alone in the home. ________ gerund Being questioned, the thief was caught this morning. _________ -ing participle 8. I clearly remember being questioned by the traffic police in Beijing. ______ gerund 9. The problem is far from being settled. ______ gerund Conclusion 分词的种类： 现在分词(the Present Participle) 过去分词(the Past Participle) 分词作用：两者主要起形容词和副词作用。 区别： 现在分词：具有主动意义或表动作正在进行 过去分词：及物动词的过去分词具有被动意义， 或表动作已完成 不及物动词的过去分词具有主动意义。 (a fallen leaf) 分词的时态和语态， 分词=adj. / adv，做状语、定语、补语、表语 现 在 分 词 被动语态 主动语态 一般式 完成式 studying having studied being studied having been studied studied 过去分词 动名词的时态语态，形式同现在分词 动名词=（带有动作含义的）名词，做主语、宾语、表语 动作几乎同时发生 动作有先后关系 动作伴随，有被动 动作有先后关系，且被动 侧重动作 侧重状态 * * * *