[工程科技]Coupling of Linearized Gravity to Nonrelativistic Test Particles Dynamics in the General La.pdfVIP

Coupling of Linearized Gravity to Nonrelativistic Test Particles: Dynamics in the General Laboratory Frame A. D. Speliotopoulos∗ and Raymond Y. Chiao† Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 (Dated: March 8, 2004) Abstract 4 0 0 The coupling of gravity to matter is explored in the linearized gravity limit. The usual derivation 2 of gravity-matter couplings within the quantum-field-theoretic framework is reviewed. A number r a M of inconsistencies between this derivation of the couplings, and the known results of tidal effects 1 on test particles according to classical general relativity are pointed out. As a step towards re- 1 solving these inconsistencies, a General Laboratory Frame fixed on the worldline of an observer 3 v is constructed. In this frame, the dynamics of nonrelativistic test particles in the linearized grav- 5 4 ity limit is studied, and their Hamiltonian dynamics is derived. It is shown that for stationary 0 2 metrics this Hamiltonian reduces to the usual Hamiltonian for nonrelativistic particles undergo- 0 3 ing geodesic motion. For nonstationary metrics with long-wavelength gravitational waves (GWs) 0 / c present, it reduces to the Hamiltonian for a nonrelativistic particle undergoing geodesic deviation q - r motion. Arbitrary-wavelength GWs couple to the test particle through a vector-potential-like field g : Na , the net result of the tidal forces that the GW induces in the system, namely, a local velocity v i X field on the system induced by tidal effects as se