[英语学习]第四章如何遣词修改稿.docVIP

第四章如何遣词 大学英语四六级作文的评分原则和标准主要涉及内容和语言两个方面。本章主要从遣词的角度来阐述如何做到语言准确、通顺和得体。 4．1 语言的准确 4．1．1 一般和具体词汇 作为音素文字的英语，其字形和表意之间缺乏联系，因此英语单词往往可以任意表达较为复杂的概念。加之英语民族在心理文化上重“个体”，折射到语言运用上便形成了英语词义较汉语更为具体。以一般动词 walk为例，英语中不乏具体表示动作方式和结果的词汇：stagger(蹒跚)、plod（重步行走）、pace（踱步）、loiter(游荡)、stride(大步走)、strut(昂首阔步)等。此外，具体词汇比一般词汇更富表现力，可以使语言更为准确、形象和生动。试比较下列两组形容词： a good man: kind, honest, just, generous, sympathetic, warm-hearted, selfless, brave, honorable good food: tasty, delicious, nourishing, rich, wholesome, fresh, appetizing, abundant 显然后面的具体词汇要比前面的一般词汇更能为文章增色。而在 四六级作文中，考生受汉语表达法习惯的影响，很少用具体的单 纯词来表示复杂的概念，而过多使用一般词汇往往又会暴露语言 驾驭能力的欠缺。试对比： Usually I will read the newspaper very quickly and try to find some interesting stories. (一般动词+副词) Usually I will flip through the newspaper and try to find some interesting stories.(具体动词) It is not easy to look after a spoiled child like a mother. (一般动词+like) It is not easy to babysit a spoiled child.（具体动词） I try to hide my inner fear with a mask of showing confidence. (一般动词+with) I try to mask my inner fear by a show of confidence.(具体动词) 因此，平时多积累一些具体词汇有助于写出地道的英语作文。 巩固练习 job market which is full of competition. What’s more, remember to adjust your mood to a relaxed state, and deal with your work and play very well. The next day when I used the dictionary I found the notes under several word entries are bad. On hearing it, I became annoyed and I told him what I wanted then was the money the shop should give back. I’m sure you will soon find a good candidate for the position in that a few people are more suitable for it than I. By reading books we can get all kinds of knowledge. Not all the books can do good to us. Key: 1. The competition imposes much pressure on people. 2. The government ensures equal opportunities to all. Women are still denied equal rights in the society, It goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter job market Wha