电子信息工程基于单片机的工厂环境智能检测系统设计.doc

长江大学 毕业设计（论文） 传感器和单片机是本设计的主要器件。因此在本设计的内容中大篇幅的介绍了他们的相关知识，本设计的主要内容包括可以完美的实现对环境温度、湿度的监测，实时显示环境的温度和湿度。 ：传感器、8031、存储器、接口等 目 录 1 绪论··············································1 1．1 设计背景·······································1 1．2 设计要求·······································1 2 方案的比较和论证··································1 2．1温度传感器的选择·································2 2．2湿度传感器的选择·································2 2．3信号采集通道的选择································3 3 系统总体设计······································4 3．1信号采集·········································4 3．1．1温度传感器···································4 3．1．2湿度传感器····································8 3．1．3多路开关·····································11 3. 2信号分析与处理···································13 3．2．1A/D转换······································13 3．2．2单片机8031···································16 3．2．2．1 8031的片内结构····························16 3．2．2．2 8031的引脚图·····························18 3．2．2．3 8031程序存储器···························19 3．2．2．4 8031数据存储器····························19 3．2．2．5 特殊功能寄存器SFR·························20 3 ．2 ．2 ．6工作方式······························20 3．2．3存储器的设计·································21 3．2．4数据存储器的掉电保护··························23 3．2．5系统时钟的设计·······························24 3．3显示电路设计····································24 4 软件设计·········································25 结论·············································30 谢辞·············································31 参考文献·········································32  1绪 论 1. 1 设计背景 环境的检测与控制在工业、农业、国防等行业有着广泛的应用，其系统设计也较为复杂、涉及面较广。环境监测系统主要涉及一些信息的采集、显示与传输，由于应用场合不同，环境监测的采集对象也有所不同。对于工厂环境来说，对温度和湿度的采集必不可少，也是两个重要的显示和分析指标，根据国家对于工厂环境的相关规定与限制，必须定期抽样检查工厂各点的温度和湿度，以便及时采取相应的措施。采用先进的技术监测这些环境因子，通过自动监测系统进行环境监控，降低生产成本，呈越来越流行的趋势。 1. 2 设计要求 1、基本功能 检测温度、湿度 显示温度、湿度 过限报警