[英语学习]章振邦《新编英语语法》Lecture 4.ppt

Simple nouns: a noun that contains only one free morpheme. man, chair, land, ship, water, gas, faith… Compound nouns: a noun that is composed of two or more morphemes. armchair, farmland, seaside, forget-me-not… Derivative nouns: a noun that comes from a verb, an adjective or a simple noun with affix. arrangement, greatness, ability, expectation… Proper Noun A proper noun is a name used for a particular person, place or thing, and spelt with a capital initial letter. Count and non-count nouns A count noun (or countable noun) is a noun that has a plural and which can collocate with numbers and with such determiners as a(n), many, few, these, those, several, etc. A non-count noun (or uncountable noun) is a noun that cannot go with the above-mentioned words. Function of noun phrases The noun phrase can function as all the elements in the sentence except the predicate verb. As Subject: Children at play seldom remember what time it is. The boys quarrelling over the game each insisted that the other was unfair. Function of noun phrases As Subject Complement: That was an attractive little black chair. My grandfather died a martyr to his revolutionary ideal. As Object: They gave him a first-rate education. In the hall, I saw some extremely valuable pictures. Function of noun phrases As Object Complement: They elected him chairman of the board. The School Board have appointed her superintendent of the city’s schools. As Appositive: Mr. Brown, director of the coal mine, should be responsible for the accident. Alice, a professor of the department, will be invited to our English Evening. Function of noun phrases As Prepositional Complement, (or Prepositional Object): We teachers should be concerned about the students’ moral culture. Within the house nothing stirs. In the garden I can hear the singing of birds. I can hear the rustle of their wings. Function of noun phrases As Adverbial and Conjunction: He returned last night. A photo is