软件测试2009级复习整理(1~8章).docVIP

软件测试  Unit one Verification|证实 is the checking or testing of items, including software, for conformance and consistency with an associated specification. Validation|确认 is the process of checking that what has been specified is what the user actually wanted. Bugs the term bug is often used to refer to a problem or fault in a computer. There are software bugs and hardware bugs. Static analysis investigates the source code of software, looking for problems and gathering metrics without actually executing the code Dynamic analysis looks at the behavior of software while it is executing, to provide information such as executing traces|跟踪, timing profiles, and test coverage information. Unit testing each unit of the software is tested to verify that the detailed design for the unit has been correctly implemented Software integration testing larger groups of tested software components corresponding to elements of the architectural design are integrated and tested System testing software is integrated to the overall product and tested to show that all requirements are met Acceptance testing upon which acceptance of the completed software is based this will often use a subset of the system tests, witnessed|…的证据 by the customers for the software or system Within each level of testing, once the tests have been applied, test results are evaluated. If a problem is encountered, then either the tests are revised | 修改 and applied again, or the software is fixed and the tests applied again. This is repeated until no problems are encountered. The term regression testing | 回归测试 is used to refer to the repetition of earlier successful tests in order to make sure that changes to the software have not introduced side effects. A test strategy is a statement of the overall approach to testing, identifying what levels of testing are to be applied and the methods, techniques and tools to be used. A test plan states what the items to be tested are, at what level they are to be te