PMBOKGuide中英笔记.docVIP

Purpose of the PMBOK? Guide The primary purpose of the PMBOK? Guide is to identify that subset of the ProjectManagement Body of Knowledge that is generally recognized as good practice.“Identify” means to provide a general overview as opposed to an exhaustivedescription. “Generally recognized” means that the knowledge and practicesdescribed are applicable to most projects most of the time, and that there iswidespread consensus about their value and usefulness. “Good practice” means thatthere is general agreement that the correct application of these skills, tools, andtechniques can enhance the chances of success over a wide range of differentprojects. Good practice does not mean that the knowledge described should alwaysbe applied uniformly on all projects; the project management team is responsiblefor determining what is appropriate for any given project. 本指南的目的 What is a Project? 1.2.1 Project CharacteristicsA project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, orresult. 1 . 2 什么是项目1 . 2 . 1 项目的特征项目是为提供某项独特产品、服务或成果所做的临时性努力。 1 TemporaryTemporary means that every project has a definite beginning and a definite end. Theend is reached when the project’s objectives have been achieved, or it becomes clearthat the project objectives will not or cannot be met, or the need for the project nolonger exists and the project is terminated. Temporary does not necessarily meanshort in duration; many projects last for several years. In every case, however, theduration of a project is finite. Projects are not ongoing efforts. 1 临时性临时性是指每一个项目都有确定的开始和结束，当项目的目的已经达到，或者已经清楚地看到该目的不会或不可能达到时，或者该项目的必要性已不复存在并已终止时，该项目即达到了它的终点。临时性不一定意味着时间短，许多项目都要延续好几年。然而，在任何情况下项目的期限都是有限的，项目不是持续不断的努力。 2 Unique Products, Services, or ResultsA project creates unique deliverables, which are products, services, or results. 2 独特的产品、服务或成果项目创造独特的可交付成果，如产品、服务或成果。项目可以创造：生产出来可以量化的产品或制品，既可以本身就是最终物件，也可以是其他物件的组成部分。 3 Progressive ElaborationProgressive elaboration is a cha