管理学原理英文PPT课件（武汉理工大学）4-1 Cap9 Leadership.ppt

Chapter 9 Leadership Managers versus leaders Trait theories of leadership Behavioral theories of leadership Contingency theories of leadership Contemporary leadership issues Leaders are people who are able to influence others and who possess managerial authority. Trait Theories of Leadership Trait theories of leadership search for traits or characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders. Six Traits That Differentiate Leaders From nonleaders Drive Desire to lead Honesty and integrity Self-confidence Intelligence Job-relevant knowledge Behavioral Theories of Leadership The styles of leadership Two independent dimensions of leader behaviors Managerial grid The Styles of Leadership Autocratic style of leadership Democratic style of leadership Laissez-faire style of leadership Autocratic style of leadership : The term used to describe a leader who centralizes authority, dictates work method, makes unilateral decisions, and limits employee participation. Democratic style of leadership: The term used to describe a leader who involves employees in decision making delegates authority, encourages participation in deciding work methods and goals, and uses feedback to coach employees. This style can be further classified in two ways: consultative and participative Laissez-faire style of leadership: The term used to describe a leader who gives employees complete freedom to make decisions and to decide on work method. Two Dimensions of Leader Behaviors Ohio state university’s research: Initiating structure: the extent to which a leader defines and structures his or her role and the roles of employees to attain goals. Consideration: the extent to which a leader has job relationships characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees’ ideas, and regard for their feelings. University of Michigan’s research: Employee oriented: leaders emphasize interpersonal relations, take a personal interest in the needs of employees, a