论文化学药剂法处理含油污泥的研究教案.docxVIP

化学药剂法处理含油污泥的研究郭铁（辽宁石油化工大学，环境与生物工程学院，环境工程1002班，辽宁抚顺，113001）摘 要含油污泥是石油化工工业的主要污染物之一，如果不能妥善处理，不仅污染环境，影响人类健康，而且造成资源的浪费。本研究以辽河油田采油过程中产生的罐底泥作为实验对象，采用化学药剂对含油污泥进行除油处理。实验以含油污泥的除油率作为判断指标，在八种化学药剂中筛选出五种对含油污泥除油较有效的药剂，实验结果表明，表面活性剂中十二烷基苯磺酸钠对含油污泥的除油效果最佳，除油率能够达到68.8%；碱水中碳酸钠对含油污泥的除油效果最佳，除油率能够达到75.9%；另外，三种絮凝剂的除油效果差别不大，效果最好的为聚合氯化铝，除油率达到67.9%。同时还将筛选出的五种药剂进行复配实验以确定最佳配比，实验结果得出，当最佳作用浓度下的十二烷基苯磺酸钠：碳酸钠：聚丙烯酰胺为1:2:1时，除油率能够达到97.3%。实验还分别考察了最佳药剂配比在不同液固质量比、水浴温度、搅拌时间的情况下对除油率的影响，以确定最佳工作条件，得出最佳工作条件为：液固质量比为6:1，水浴温度为50℃，搅拌时间为20min，在此条件下含油污泥的除油率为98.89%。关键词：含油污泥，罐底泥，化学药剂，复配，除油率Treatment study of oily sludge by chemicalsGuo Tie(Liaoning University of Petroleum Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, Environmental Engineering, 1002 classes, Fushun, Liaoning, 113001)AbstractOily sludge is one of the main pollutants in petroleum and chemical industry. If it not be treated properly, not only pollute the environment, affect human health, but also waste resources. In this study, the experimental samples are taken from Liaohe oilfield produce in the process of oil crude exploration. Oily sludge treated by using chemicals for degreasing. The research topics include: Using the oil removal rate of treated sludge as judgement index. Selected five from eight kinds of chemicals in oil removal is effective. The experimental results show that surfactant LAS has the best degreasing effect for oily sludge, the oil removal rate can reach 68.8%. Alkaline water Na2CO3 has the best degreasing effect for oily sludge, the oil removal rate can reach 75.9%. In addition, three kinds of flocculant almost have the same oil removal rate, PAC has the best degreasing effect, the oil removal rate reach 67.9%. Then the five selected chemicals were compounded to determine the best proportion. Experimental results show when in the concentration, LAS: Na2CO3: PAM is 1:2:1, he oil removal rate can reach 97.3%. The study also investigated the influence factors when used chemicals for oily sludge degreasing treatment, including the