组织行为学英文版Ch_11_tppi.pptVIP

Small Group Network Effectiveness Small group effectiveness depends on the desired outcome variable 11-* TYPES OF NETWORKS Criteria Chain Wheel All Channel Speed Moderate Fast Fast Accuracy High High Moderate Emergence of a leader Moderate High None Member satisfaction Moderate Low High The Grapevine Small Talks about … The appointment of new bosses The relocation of offices Downsizing decisions Realignment of work assignments 75% employees hear about matters on the grapevine 75% of the information is accurate Three Characteristics Informal, not controlled by management Perceived by most employees as being more believable and reliable than formal communications Largely used to serve the self-interests of those who use it 11-* The Grapevine Results from: Desire for information about important situations Ambiguous conditions Conditions that cause anxiety Insightful to managers Serves employee’s social needs 11-* Reducing Rumors 11-* Source: Adapted from L. Hirschhorn, “Managing Rumors,” in L. Hirschhorn (ed.), Cutting Back (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1983), pp. 54–56. With permission. Announce timetables for making important decisions Explain decisions and behaviors that may appear inconsistent or secretive Emphasize the downside, as well as the upside, of current decisions and future plans Openly discuss worst-case possibilities—they are almost never as anxiety-provoking as the unspoken fantasy Electronic Communications: E-mail E-mail Advantages: quickly written, sent, and stored; low cost for distribution Disadvantages: Messages are easily and commonly misinterpreted Not appropriate for sending negative messages Overused and overloading readers Removes inhibitions and can cause emotional responses and flaming Difficult to “get” emotional state understood – emoticons Non-private: e-mail is often monitored and may be forwarded to anyone 11-* Electronic Comms: Instant/Text Messaging Forms of “real time” communication of shor