java第四章运算符.doc

第四章运算符 183页复合赋值运算符 考试注意事项 复合赋值运算符右边表达式总是视为放在括号内 x *= 2 + 5; x = (x * 2) + 5; // incorrect precedence x = x * (2 + 5); 关系运算符＝＝、!=、、=、、= =赋值 ＝＝等于 186页 引用变量相等性：是否引用同一对象。 import javax.swing.JButton; class CompareReference { public static void main(String[] args) { JButton a = new JButton(Exit); JButton b = new JButton(Exit); JButton c = a; System.out.println(Is reference a == b? + (a == b)); System.out.println(Is reference a == c? + (a == c)); } } Is reference a == b? false Is reference a == c? true 枚举相等性：是否引用相同枚举常量 class EnumEqual { enum Color {RED, BLUE} public static void main(String[] args) { Color c1 = Color.RED; Color c2 = Color.RED; if(c1 == c2) { System.out.println(==); } if(c1.equals(c2)) { System.out.println(dot equals); } } } output: == dot equals 188页 instanceof比较，返回true或false 对象 instanceof 类或接口 如果对象任一超类实现了某个接口，我们说该对象属于这种接口类型 interface Foo { } class A implements Foo { } class B extends A { } ... A a = new A(); B b = new B(); the following are true: a instanceof Foo b instanceof A b instanceof Foo // implemented indirectly 测试null引用是一个类实例是合法的，结果总是false class InstanceTest { public static void main(String [] args) { String a = null; boolean b = null instanceof String; boolean c = a instanceof String; System.out.println(b + + c); } } prints this: false false 记住数组是对象，总是Object的实例 int [] nums = new int[3]; if (nums instanceof Object) { } // result is true instanceof 编译错误 不能使用instanceof跨两个不同的类层次结构执行测试:(同一继承树) class Cat { } class Dog { public static void main(String [] args) { Dog d = new Dog(); System.out.println(d instanceof Cat); } } //Compilation fails—theres no way d could ever refer to a Cat or a subtype of Cat. 189页 表4－1 算术运算符 ％求余 15％4＝？ 3 +字符串连接运算符 String a = String; int b = 3; int c = 7; System.out.println(a + b + c);//String37 int b = 2; System.out.println( + b + 3); // 23 System.out.println(b + 3); //5 191页＋＋、――递增递减运算符 192页条件运算符 表达式1？表达式2：表达式3 193页逻辑运算符 和||短路运算 和| 非短路运算 int z = 5; if(++z 5 || ++z 6) z++; // z = 7 after this code versus: i