基于STC89C52单片机的PWM直流电机脉宽调速系统设计.doc

基于STC89C52单片机的PWM直流电机脉宽 调速系统设计 摘 要 本文介绍一种基于STC89C52单片机控制的PWM直流电机脉宽调速系统。系统以廉价的STC89C52单片机为控制核心，以直流电机为控制对象。从系统的角度出发，对电路进行总体方案论证设计，确定电路各个的功能模块之间的功能衔接和接口设置，详细分析了各个模块的方案论证和参数设置。整个系统利用52单片机的定时器产生1K左右的PWM脉冲，通过快速光耦6N137实现控制单元与驱动单元的强弱电隔离，采用4个9013和2个9012构成的H桥电路实现对直流电机的调速，用光电编码盘完成测速功能。 关键词：STC89C52；PWM；光耦隔离；光电编码盘 Design of DC speed control system based on STC single chip microcomputer Abstract With the development of science and technology, automatic control system has been widely used and development in all walks of life, which the application of the automatic speed control system plays a particularly important role. DC motor as AC motor as the structure is simple, cheap, easy to manufacture, easy to maintain, but it has a good start, braking performance, it is appropriate in a wide range of smooth speed, DC speed control system is still automatically speed control system in the main form. Motor control from simple to complex, and mature into the mainstream. With the development of power electronics technology, the switching speed is faster, easier to control the full-controlled power devices MOSFET and IGBT become mainstream, pulse width modulation technology showed a greater superiority: the main circuit line is simple, need to use the power components ; switching frequency, current continuous, harmonic, motor loss and fever are small; good low-speed performance, high-speed stability, and thus a wide speed range; rapid system response performance, dynamic immunity The design of the 89C52 MCU as the core, using the C programming language to control, using MCU internal timer adjustable rectangular wave. Start and stop the keyboard as an input to control the DC motor speed and direction, the measurement of the speed of the motor, working principle and mathematical model of the DC motor and pulse width modulation (PWM) control principles and H-bridge circuit design, based on the basic principles of design a driver circuit, a PWM technique to control the motor, the purpose of c