毕业设计基于MATLAB的圆度误差评定方法.doc

基于MATLAB的圆度误差评定方法 熊小平 （陕理工机械工程学院 测控技术与仪器专业07级3班 陕西 汉中 723003） 指导老师：景敏 [摘要]：本文主要研究了基于数字图像处理技术进行的接触测量轴类零件的圆度的方法，首先对CCD摄像机采集到的图像进行边缘检测，最后运用极点拟合法进行圆度误差的评定，该方法具有很好的实用性，可以实现在线非接触测量。通过实验证明，使用极点拟合评定圆度误差，不仅可以提高测量精度，并且避免了圆度误差评价的非线性求解问题，运算简单，速度快，也可应用于实际圆度测量数据的处理。 [关键词]：圆度误差 MATLAB 数字图像处理  Based-on the MATLAB roundness error evaluation Xiong Xiaoping (Grade07,Class3,Major Measuring TechnologyInstrumentation,Mechanical Engineering Institute Dept.Shaanxi University of Technology，Hanzhong 723003，Shaanxi) Tutor: ing Min Abstract:This paper mainly researches that the untouched measuring roundness method of shaft parts based on digital image process.At first,images collected by CCD camera were processed. Then the edges of processed images were detected. Finally ,the tolerance of roundness was assessed by apices fitting method. The apices fitting method has the advantage of real time capabilities,and it can realized online untouched measurement The result of experiments proved that it not only can improve the measurement accuracy but also can avoid nonlinear solving problem to assess tolerance of roundness by apices fitting method. It can also be proved that the method have the advantage of simple calculation and high speed. So the method can be used to process the roundness measurement data in practice. Key words: roundness errer MATLAB digital image procsssing  目录 前言 1 1绪论 2 1.1选题的目的及研究意义 2 1.2 圆度误差的定义 2 1.3目前圆度误差测量在国内外的研究现状 2 1.3.1圆度误差的接触检测 2 1.3.2圆度误差的非接触检测 3 1.4 MATLAB软件的语言概述 5 1.4.1 MATLAB的主要特点 5 1.4.2 MATLAB的主要应用领域 5 2 数字图像处理技术及其相关运用 7 2.1数字图像处理的基本概念 7 2.1.1 数字图像处理技术的发展与现状 7 2.1.2 数字图像处理的主要特点 7 2.2数字图像的增强处理 8 2.2.1像素值及其统计特征 8 2.2.2 灰度变换 10 2.3 边缘检测技术 14 2.3.1 Robert算子边缘检测 14 2.3.2 Log算子边缘检测 15 2.3.3 Canny算子边缘检测 15 3圆度误差的评定 2