毕业论文--法律行为初探—兼对民法通则第54条之评述推荐.docx

法律行为初探——兼对民法通则第54条之评述柯友乐,法学院摘要：法律行为理论，为民法最为重要的理论之一。在阐述民法总论时，人们通常将法律行为理论纳入到法律事实理论之中予以论述，并将其视为权利创设、变更和消灭的事实构成。因此，法律行为被理解为行为，并被与其他行为一并置于权利的视角下予以探讨。然而，这一体系安排却没有体现出特有的基于意思自治创设性地形成法律关系的本质。19世纪初，由德国法学家们所创造的法律行为抽象概念Rechtsgesch?ft一词，20世纪早期经日本引进中国，然而，至今对于法律行为基本概念的争论也没有停止过，《民法通则》五十四条的规定更是使学术界的争论更加激烈。本文从法律行为的基本概念出发，对法律行为理论作出初步探讨，同时对我国《民法通则》五十四条之规定作出简单评述。关键词：法律行为、意思自治、司法自治、民法典A preliminary study on the legal act -- a comment on the fifty-fourth articles of the general principles of civil lawKe youle, law schoolAbstract：The theory of legal act is one of the most important theories of civil law. In the elaboration of the general principles of civil law, people usually put legal behavior theory into the theory of legal facts to be elaborated and will be formed the visual for the rights of the establishment, change and termination of the fact that. Therefore, legal behavior is understood as a behavior, and it is discussed in the perspective of the right to be placed in the right. However, this system did not reflect the unique creation of legal relationship based on the autonomy of nature. At the beginning of the 19th century, by the German jurists for the creation of a legal act abstract concepts Rechtsgesch from FT, the 20th century early by the Japanese introduction of China. However, the concept of legal behavior controversy has never stopped, Chinas civil law provisions of article fifty-fourth is to make the debate more intense. This paper from the basic concept of legal behavior, make a preliminary study on the theory of juristic act, and defects of the civil law article fifty-fourth to make some comments.Key words：legal act, autonomy of meaning, autonomy of private law, civil code一、法律行为相关问题概述（一）法律行为概念之滥觞人类从原始社会进入国家社会之后，表现在主体自主性、客体之广泛性、内容之对等性、关系之平等性、原则之公平性、目的之互惠性、结果之公益性的设权行为本质上所固有的合理性也丝毫没有褪色。尤其是在其合理性当中的公益性不仅对当事人整体有利，也对国家全局有利，因而其合理性被国家权力上升为合法性。为此，设权行为的效力得到法律法律的助力，而受到与其他强制规范行为完全不同的特优待遇，即相对于其他法律上规范行为的效力皆按法定的内容发生，唯独设权行为的效力不按法定的内容，而按当事人意思表示的内容发生。这是国家把即对当事人互惠互利又对社会财富理想增益的设权行为，纳入符合国家