临床研究SAS高级编程 －－ SAS Data Step.pdf

临床研究SAS高级编程 －－SAS Data Step 1 临床研究SAS高级编程 Contents Overview How SAS processes programs Compilation phase Execution phase Debugging a DATA step Testing your programs 2 临床研究SAS高级编程 Overview Introduction This section teaches you what happens behind the scenes when the DATA step reads raw data. Youll examine the program data vector, which is a logical framework that SAS uses when creating SAS data sets. Understanding how the program operates can help you to anticipate how variables will be created and processed, to plan your modifications, and to interpret and debug program errors. It also gives you useful strategies for preventing and correcting common DATA step errors. 3 临床研究SAS高级编程 How SAS Processes Programs (1) When you submit a DATA step, SAS processes the DATA step and then creates a new SAS data set. Lets see exactly how that happens. A SAS DATA step is processed in two phases: During the compilation phase, each statement is scanned for syntax errors. Most syntax errors prevent further processing of the DATA step. When the compilation phase is complete, the descriptor portion of the new data set is created. If the DATA step compiles successfully, then the execution phase begins. During the execution phase, the DATA step reads and processes the input data. The DATA step executes once for each record in the input file, unless otherwise directed. 4 临床研究SAS高级编程 How SAS Processes Programs (2) The diagram below shows the flow of DATA step processing for reading raw data. Well examine both the compilation phase and the execution phase in this section. 5