【计算机】CH01 SOFTWARE AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING.pptVIP

? Lethbridge/Laganière 2001 Chapter 1: Software and Software Engineering Object-Oriented Software EngineeringPractical Software Development using UML and Java Chapter 1: Software and Software Engineering 1.1 The Nature of Software... Software is intangible Hard to understand development effort Software is easy to reproduce Cost is in its development in other engineering products, manufacturing is the costly stage The industry is labor-intensive Hard to automate The Nature of Software ... Untrained people can hack something together Quality problems are hard to notice Software is easy to modify People make changes without fully understanding it Software does not ‘wear out’ It deteriorates by having its design changed: erroneously, or in ways that were not anticipated, thus making it complex The Nature of Software Conclusions Much software has poor design and is getting worse Demand for software is high and rising We are in a perpetual ‘software crisis’ We have to learn to ‘engineer’ software Types of Software... Custom For a specific customer Generic Sold on open market Often called COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) Shrink-wrapped Embedded Built into hardware Hard to change Types of Software Differences among custom, generic and embedded software Types of Software Real time software E.g. control and monitoring systems Must react immediately Safety often a concern Data processing software Used to run businesses Accuracy and security of data are key Some software has both aspects 1.2 What is Software Engineering?... The process of solving customers’ problems by the systematic development and evolution of large, high-quality software systems within cost, time and other constraints Solving customers’ problems This is the goal of software engineering Sometimes the solution is to buy, not build Adding unnecessary features does not help solve the problem Software engineers must communicate effectively to identify and understand the problem What is Software Engineering?…