引导定语从句学习四要素.docVIP

引导定语从句学习四要素 　　when、where、why引导的定语从句是定语从句重要内容,也是高考重要考点,学习这些定语从句时应注意下列几点: 　　一、掌握when、 where、 why基本用法 　　when、 where、 why是关系副词,其基本用法如下表。 　　关系副词 属性 在句中作用 例 句 　　when 表时间 时间状语 I remember the days when I stayed there. 　　where 表地点 地点状语 This is the room where I lost my pen. 　　why 表原因 原因状语 This is the reason why he was late 二、熟悉易误用when, where, why的场合 　　若先行词虽表时间、地点、原因,但在定语从句中不作时间、地点和原因状语而作主语或宾语,属于关系代词范畴,应用关系代词that或which,而不能用关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句。例: 　　I regret the days (that / which) I wasted in the woods. 我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。(先行词在从句中作宾语) 　　Ill never forget the year 1976 which /that was full of sadness.我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。(先行词在从句中作主语) 　　That is the factory that/which produces cars.那是生产小汽车的工厂。(先行词在从句中作主语) 　　That is the factory (that / which) he visited yesterday. 那是他昨天参观的工厂。(先行词在从句中作宾语) 　　He gave the reason that / which was unreasonable. 他给出一个没道理的理由。(先行词在从句中作主语) 　　What is the reason (that/which) he raised? 他提出的理由是什么?(先行词在从句中作宾语) 　　三、了解关系副词与关系代词转换规律 　　关系代词whom或which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,介词可放在后面,也可提前构成介词+关系代词whom (先行词指人)/which(先行词指物)引导定语从句(这种方法更为正式)。例: 　　Mary is the girl whom I borrowed a book from. = Mary is the girl from whom I borrowed a book. 玛丽就是我向她借书的那个女孩。 　　Is this the room that/which he once lived in? = Is this the room in which he once lived? 这是他曾经住过的房子吗? 　　常见的有以下几种情况: 　　1. where=in/on which 例: 　　This is the room where / in which he lives.这是他住的房间。 　　I can see the playground where / on which they do sports.我能看见他们进行运动的操场。 　　2. when= on/in/at which 例: 　　I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party.我仍然记得入党的那一年。 　　I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。 　　I still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched.我仍然记得那个火箭发射的时刻。 　　3. why=for which 例: 　　This is the reason why / for which he was killed.这是他被杀害的原因。 　　但下列情况下介词不能提前: 　　⑴用who代替whom,用that代替which时,介词不能提前。例: 　　Hes the boy who I learned English from.这是我向他学英语的男孩。 　　This should be the place that Tom sent the parcel to. 这应是汤姆送包裹的地方。 　　⑵当whom、which省去时介词不能提前。例: 　　Is he the boy you went there