词包的解释Representation based on the BoW model.docxVIP

Representation based on the BoW model[edit] Text Document Representation based on the BoW modelThe text document representation based on the BoW model in NLP is reviewed first. Here are two simple text documents: John likes to watch movies. Mary likes too. John also likes to watch football games.Based on these two text documents, a dictionary is constructed as:dictionary={1:John, 2:likes, 3:to, 4:watch, 5:movies, 6:also, 7:football, 8:games, 9:Mary, 10:too},which has 10 distinct words. And using the indexes of the dictionary, each document is represented by a 10-entry vector: [1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1] [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0],where each entry of the vectors refers to count of the corresponding entry in the dictionary (This is also the histogram representation). As we can see, this vector representation does not preserve the order of the words in the original sentences. This kind of representation has several successful applications, for example latent Dirichlet allocation.[1][edit] Image Representation based on the BoW modelTo represent an image using BoW model, an image can be treated as a document. Similarly, words in images need to be defined too. However, word in images is not the off-the-shelf thing like the word in text documents. To achieve this, it usually includes following three steps: feature detection, feature description and codebook generation.[2] A definition of the BoW model can be the histogram representation based on independent features.[3] Content based image indexing and retrieval (CBIR) appears to be the early adopter of this image representation technique.[4][edit] Feature DetectionGiven an image, feature detection consists in extracting several local patches (or regions), which are considered as candidates for basic elements, words.[edit] Regular Grid规则网格采样Regular grid[2][5] is probably the most simple yet effective method for feature detection. In this method, the image is evenly segmented by some horizontal and vertic