高中名词冠词复习.pptVIP

四、零冠词的用法 1. 单个单词构成的专有名词前一般不用冠词(国名、人名、地名) China has a larger population than America. Mary; Shanghai; New York. 注：（1）不定冠词加在人名或地名前表示： “一个叫…的人”（只知道名字而不不熟悉的人）。 e.g. A Miss Li is waiting for you. （2）冠词加在人名或地名前表变化了的人或地方。 e.g. We’ll see a stronger China in the near future. 2. 在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，一般不加冠词。 August; Friday; spring; Christmas; Children’s Day；National Day ； Spring is the best season of the year. 注：（1）中国的传统节日前加the。 the Spring Festival （2）有限制语修饰或表某一特定的时间时加冠词。 e.g. He was born in the summer of 1996. 3. 抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词。 e.g. Failure is the mother of success. 注：抽象名词具体化时要加冠词。 e.g. This party is a success/ failure. 4. 物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词。 e.g. Man cannot live without water.　 注：（1）表一阵、一种、一份时加冠词，如： a heavy rain / snow; a rice/ coffee/ beer （2）表特定的物质时加定冠词，如： The water in this well is unfit to drink. 5. 在三餐前，不加冠词。 e.g. have breakfast/ lunch / supper 注：（1）如果特指或具体饮食时，可用定冠词。 e.g. The breakfast is well prepared. （2）有描绘性修饰语时，加冠词。 e.g. a wonderful supper, a rich lunch, a nice/light breakfast. 6. 球类和棋类名称前，不加冠词。 e.g. play football /chess / bridge /cards 7. 当by 与交通工具连用表示一种方式时，中间无冠词。 e.g. by bus/ train/air/plane/boat/ship/sea/bike 注：on a/ his bus/car/bike 8.介词by + 表单位的时间、长度、重量、面积、价钱等总称名词前。 I’ll pay you by time / by the hour . We pay for our package by weight / by the gram. 注：by the foot 按尺 by the yard 按码 by the dozen 按打 by the month 按月 9. as 引导的让步状语从句句型中的单数名词前。 e.g. Hero as he is, he is still modest. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 注意： 两个名词指不同的人、物或概念时，都用冠词。 e.g. The singer and the dancer are performing on the stage. 但指同一人或物时，只在最前面加一个冠词，如： e.g. The singer and dancer is coming. 11.用冠词与不用冠词的差异 一、冠词（2010高考） 1.（北京卷35） First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____ first impression. A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 2（福建卷21）It’s _____good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives them _____pleasure. A.不填, a B.