[英语学习]英语词源字典 N.docVIP

-ness suffix of action, quality or state, attached to an adj. or pp. to form a noun, from O.E. -nes(s), general W.Gmc., cf. M.Du. -nisse, O.H.G. -nissa, Ger. -nis, Goth. -inassus. -nik as in beatnik, etc., suffix used in word formation from c.1945, from Yiddish -nik (cf. nudnik a bore), from Rus. -nik, common personal suffix meaning person or thing associated with or involved in (cf. kolkhoznik member of a kolkhoz). Rocketed to popularity with sputnik (q.v.). N in nickname, newt, and Brit. dial. naunt, the -n- belongs to a preceding indefinite article an or possessive pronoun mine. Other