河床裸露地扬尘抑制工法之效益评价BeneficialAnalysesofFugitive.PDFVIP

河床裸露地揚塵抑制工法之效益評估 [1*] [2] [3] 洪祖健 王勝賢 林德貴 摘 要 台灣河川出海口之季節性揚塵災害日趨嚴重，揚塵抑制工法之施作效益逐漸受到重視。雖可藉由風 洞試驗來進行各類工法之效益評估，但風洞試驗之邊界效應及模型尺寸對試驗結果影響極大，常無法實際 反映工法之揚塵機制。目前各類工法之施作效益，由於缺乏大範圍的量測資料及明確的量化性指標，而難 以進行評估。本研究先定義揚塵抑制效率FDRE (Fugitive Dust Restrain Efficiency)值 ，首先，模擬大安溪出 海口裸露地揚塵汙染區域 ，2008 年卡玫基颱風及鳳凰颱風過後，各類揚塵抑制工法施作前、後之揚塵濃度 PM10 濃度，並計算工法之FDRE 值及施工成本(Cost) ，即可求得工法之揚塵抑制效益(Fugitive Dust Restrain Benefit, FDRB=Cost/FDRE) 。最後，並將揚塵PM10 濃度值轉換為空氣汙染指標 PSI (Pollutant Standard Index) ，來探討出海口揚塵期間之空氣品質。由分析結果顯示，若不考慮工法之施工成本時，採用水幕工法 可獲得最高之揚塵抑制效率(FDRE 值最高) 。反之，在考量施工成本之情況下，則以葉脈式水覆蓋工法最為 經濟(FDRB 值最低) 。另外，就池浸式水覆蓋工法而言，其覆蓋率與裸露地之揚塵抑制效果成正比。 關鍵詞 ：PM10 濃度、揚塵抑制工法、空氣污染指標、揚塵抑制效率(FDRE) 、揚塵抑制效益(FDRB) Beneficial Analyses of Fugitive Dust Restrain Works on Bare Land of Riverbed Tzu-Jian Hung [1*] Sheng-Hsien Wang [2] Der-Guey Lin [3] ABSTRACT.. Due to the increasing severity of season fugitive dust at estuary area, the public agencies of government gradually pay more attention to various refrain works in practice. Although the benefit of various refrain works on fugitive dust can be evaluate by wind tunnel test in laboratory, the testing results are always influenced by the boundary effect and size effect of the model and unable to fully reflect the dispersion mechanism of fugitive dust in field site. At present, it is difficult to evaluate the benefit of various refrain works because of lacking of a definite and quantitative index. Incorporating with the construction cost a FDRE (Fugitive Dust Restrain Efficiency) value was defined to evaluate the refrain-efficiency and cost/benefit of various refrain works of fugitive dust