辅音和元音发音要领.doc

元音和辅音发音要领 前元音： 舌尖微抵下齿，舌前部抬高；舌的最高点在舌前部；高度依次降低；口形依次打开得大些。 [((] 微笑的样子 [(] 短促轻快 [(] 口形稍扁，上下齿间一个中指的距离 /(/ 舌位高度介于[e]和[ (]之间 [(] 嘴角向脸颊两侧拉伸绷紧，上下齿间能容纳一个食指加一个中指 中元音： 舌尖离开下齿，舌中部抬高；高度依次降低 [((] 口自然张开 [(] 双唇扁平 [(]上下唇及上下齿微张，脸部肌肉放松 后元音： 舌尖离开下齿，舌后部抬高，高度依次降低 [((] 圆唇，脸部肌肉紧张 [(] 圆唇，脸部肌肉放松 [((] 圆唇，脸部肌肉紧张 [(] 圆唇，脸部肌肉松弛，发音短促有力 [((] 嘴尽量张大，舌向后缩，平放 双元音, 复合元音 [((] 舌后部用力，[a]音要饱满 [((] [e]长 [i]弱 [((] [(]长 [i]弱 [((] 开口由大到小 [((] [(]长，强；[(]短，弱 [((] 舌头从[i]的位置向[(]的方向滑动 [((] [(] 的舌位高度介于[e]和[ (]之间 [((] 由后元音到中元音 [p] 双唇闭合 [b] [t] 双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈 [d] [k] 舌后部抬起 [g] [f] 上齿轻咬下唇 [v] [(] 上下齿轻咬舌尖 [(] [s] 舌尖、舌中靠近上齿龈 [z] [(] 双唇前突，上下齿靠拢，舌尖抬向上齿龈较后部位，似汉语拼音中的卷舌”sh “ [(] 似汉语拼音中的 “r” [r] 舌尖上扬，向上齿龈后部卷起，滑动；在词首，在元音前，似“若”音；在美音中r音节发响r [h] 似“喝” [l] 舌尖抵上齿龈，舌尖后部稍抬起，气流从舌两侧泻出；在词尾时，舌尖翘起抵上齿龈。 [m] 双唇闭合，舌平，气流从鼻出 [n] 双唇微张，舌上扬抵上齿龈，气流从鼻出 [(] 舌根抬高，使气流入鼻，从鼻出 [t(] 似“吃” [d(] 似“织” [tr] 似“戳” [dr] 似“捉” [ts] 舌尖抵上齿龈 [dz] [w] 舌后部抬高，圆唇，声带振动，似“屋” [ j ] 舌尖稍抵下齿 似“夜” 元音 音标 发音字母或组合 例词 音标 发音字母或组合 例词 ((] ee/ea/ie/e/i see, tree / eat, sea / piece, field / secret, she / police, ski [(] o/a hot, dog/ quality, quarrel [(] i/y/e/ey/u/ay/ui/a sit, bit / city, system / pretty, blanket /money, monkey / busy / Friday / quick, guitar/ village, private [((] a/ar/al/er /au/ear last, glass/ far, smart/ calf, behalf/ clerk / aunt/ heart [(] e/ea/a/ie egg, pen/ bread, ready/ many, any/ friend [((] i/y/igh bike, nice/ style, type/ sight, light [(] a cat, fat, bag, have [((] a/eigh place, same/ weight, eight [((] or/ir/er/ur/ ear/our world, worm/ bird, third/ serve, her/ hurt, fur/ learn, early/ journey, courteous [((] oy/oi toy, enjoy/ avoid, voice [(] a/e/o/er/or about, machine / seven, happen/ occasion, collect/ govern, sister/ forget, doctor [((] ou/ow sound, ground/ powder, towel [(] u/o/ou/oo cut, ugly/ become, monkey/ rough, country/ flood, blood [((] o/oa/ou/ow most, open/ road, coat/ soul, shoulder/ low, slow [((] u/o/oo/ou/ui /ew rule, June/ tomb, prove/ pool, school / soup, group/ juice, fruit/ drew, grew [((] e/ea/ ear/