Can slow steaming lower cost impacts of sulphur directive –…能够减缓硫磺指令对成本降低的影响.pdfVIP

World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2014 59 Can slow steaming lower cost impacts of sulphur directive – shippers’ perspective Esa Hämäläinen Kotka Unit, Centre for Maritime Studies, Brahea Centre of the University of Turku, 20014 Turun Yliopisto, Heikinkatu 7, FI-48310 Kotka, Finland E-mail: esa.hamalainen@utu.fi Abstract: The International Maritime Organization (IMO) (2013, 2014) and the Europea