Metrics to ‘green’ chemistrywhich are the best“绿色”化学的指标是最好的.pdfVIP

View Article Online / Journal Homepage / Table of Contents for this issue Metrics to ‘green’ chemistry—which are the best? David J. C. Constable,a Alan D. Curzonsb and Virginia L. Cunninghama a GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, 2200 Renaissance Boulevard, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA. E-mail: david.c.constable@ b GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Southdownview Way, Worthing, West Sussex, UK BN14 8NQ . 7 Received 26th June 2002 5 : 8 First published as an Advance Article on the web 17th October 2002 0 : 5 1 4 1 0 2 / 9 A considerable amount has been written about the use of metrics to drive business, government and communities 0 / 3 towards more sustainable practices. A number of metrics have also been proposed over the past 5U 10 years to 0 n make chemists aware of the need to change the methods used for chemical syntheses and chemical processes. This o y t paper explores several metrics commonly used by chemists and compares and contrasts these metrics with a new i s r e metric known as reaction mass efficiency. The paper also uses an economic analysis of four commercial v i n pharmaceutical processes to understand the relationship between metrics and the most important cost drivers in U M these processes. A s a x e Selected metrics used in the past autoclaved cell mass have some environmental impacts of one T y kind or another that would need to be evaluated and ad- b d A considerable number of publications have been written about