THE AMAZON DENSE GNSS METEOROLOGICAL NETWORK American…亚马逊密度气象网络美国.pdfVIP

THE AMAZON DENSE GNSS METEOROLOGICAL NETWORK A New Approach for Examining Water Vapor and Deep Convection Interactions in the Tropics by DaviD K. aDams , Rui m. s. FeRnanDes, KiRK L. HoLub, setH i. Gutman, HenRique m. J. baRbosa, Luiz a. t. macHaDo, aLan J. P. caLHeiRos, RicHaRD a. bennett, e. RobeRt KuRsinsKi, Luiz F. saPucci, cHaRLes Demets, GLayson F. b. cHaGas , ave aReLLano, naziano FiLizoLa , aLciéLio a. amoRim RocHa , RosimeiRe aRaúJ o siLva , LiLia m. F. assunção, GLaube R G. ciRino, tHeotonio Pau Liquevis, bRuno t. t. PoRteLa , anDRé sá , Jeanne m. De sousa, anD LuDmiLa m. s. tanaKa The Amazon Dense GNSS Meteorological Network provides high spatiotemporal resolu- tion, all-weather precipitable water vapor for studying the evolution of continental tropical and sea-breeze convective regimes of Amazonia. he meteorology and climate of the equatorial observations resolving the mesoscale. For example, tropics are dominated by atmospheric convection, large-scale models where convection is parameter- Twhich presents a rather challenging range of ized have poorly represented the diurnal cycle of spatial and temporal scales to capture with present- convective precipitation, particularly over land, pos- day observational platforms (Mapes and Neale 2011; sibly resulting in the degradation of model clouds, Moncrieff et al. 2012; Zhang et al. 2013). Over a period radiation fields, and large-scale dynamics (Betts and of a few hours, shallow convection (of order 1–10 km Jakob 2002a,b; Bechtold et al. 2004). While single- in horizontal scale) can transition to deep precipi- column and high-resolution models (cloud resolving tating convection (of order 10–100 km) and then to large-eddy simulations) are useful tools (Betts organize into mesoscale