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北华大学电子信息工程专业英语期末翻译(The Application of DSP in medicine)
原文: 信息26
The problem of overlapping structures was solved in 1971 with the introduction of the first computed tomography scanner (formerly called computed axial tomography, or CAT scanner).Computed tomography (CT) is a classic example of Digital Signal Processing .X-rays from many direction are passed through the section of the patients body being examined. Instead of simply forming images with the detected X-ray, the signals are converted into digital data and stored in a computer. The information is then used to calculate images that appear to be slices through the body. These images show much greater detail than conventional techniques, allowing significantly better diagnosis and treatment. The impact of CT was nearly as large as the original introduction of X-ray imaging itself. Within only a few years, every major hospital in the world had access to a CT scanner. In 1979, two of CTs principle contributors, Godfrey N. Hounsfield and Allan M. Cormack, shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine. Thats good DSP!
The last three X-ray problems have been solved by using penetrating energy other than X-rays, such as radio and sound waves. DSP plays a key role in all these techniques. For example, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)uses magnetic fields in conjunction with radio waves to probe the interior of the human body. Properly adjusting the strength and frequency of the fields cause the atomic nuclei in a localized region of the body to resonate between quantum energy states. This resonance results in the emission of a secondary radio 10 The Scientist and Engineers Guide to Digital Signal Processing wave, detected with an antenna placed near the body. The strength and other characteristics of this detected signal provide information about the localized region in resonance. Adjustment of the magnetic field allows the resonance region to be scanned throughout the body, mapping the internal structure. This information is usually
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