二容水箱的模糊控制系统设计.doc

摘 要 在工业过程控制中，被控对象通常具有纯滞后、时变性、非线性以及存在种类繁多的干扰，采用常规的PID控制方法，难以获得满意的动、静态性能。模糊控制作为智能控制领域的一个分支，由于其本质是非线性控制和自适应控制，对于参数时变,纯滞后和不精确模型等复杂控制系统，具有较强的鲁棒性。 本文针对典型的二阶惯性纯滞后系统，设计研究了模糊控制和常规PID的复合控制、PID参数的模糊自整定控制和PID-模糊Smith控制三种智能控制方法。计算机仿真结果表明：这三种智能控制在二阶滞后系统中的控制效果均优于传统的PID控制效果，能够改善系统的动、静态特性，使控制系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰性得到显著提高。 论文最后通过建立系统的组态工程，将模糊控制方法应用到二容水箱液位控制系统，给出了系统的硬件设计结构，开发了组态画面，并且根据模糊PID控制规则编制了模糊控制程序。试验结果验证了模糊控制算法的有效性，表明模糊控制在控制性能上优于传统的PID控制。 关键词：纯滞后；模糊控制；鲁棒性；参数自整定 ；二容水箱 Abstract In the industrial process control, the control objects usually own the time delay, nonlinear, time-vary characteristic accompanied with diverse interferences. So, it is hard to acquire satisfying static and dynamic characteristics by using common PID control. fuzzy control, as a branch of intelligent control field, is adapted to complicated systems with the characteristic of parameter time-vary, model mismatch and time delay, due to its essence of nonlinear and adaptive control and strong robustness. For the system of representative two steps time-delay, fuzzy-PID hybrid control, fuzzy PID control with parameters self-tuning and PID fuzzy Smith complex control are studied in this paper. The simulation shows that the control effects of the above three intelligent control are better than traditional PID control, and the dynamic and steady characteristics are improved. In addition, the robustness and anti-interference are advanced. By means of building a configurative project, the fuzzy control strategy is applied to the two-container water tank, and a set of completed hardware and structure diagram is provided. What’s more, the program is designed according to fuzzy PID control rule. The experiment shows that the arithmetic of fuzzy control is efficient and the capability of fuzzy control is superior to the traditional PID control. Keywords: pure time-delay; fuzzy control; robustness; parameter auto-tuning; two-container water tank 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1. 绪论 1 1.1 引言 1 1.2 复杂工业过程控制所面临