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[文学]Chapter III Word-Formation
Chapter III Word-Formation Teaching Contents *The Basic Terms: 1 Compounding 2 Derivation 3 Conversion *The Basic Theories: 1 The features and types of compounds 2 The classification and characteristics of prefixes and sufffixes 3 The major types of conversion Key Points *Definition of Compounding *Criteria used to distinguish compounds from phrases *Formation of compounds *Pruductivity of compounds *Definition of derivation *Formation of derivatives *Characteristics of derivatives *Definition of conversion *Features of words formed by conversion *Partial conversion & Complete conversion Difficult Points *Distinguishing compounds from phrases *Classification of derivational affixes Questions 1 What are relative criteria of a compound? 2 How are the major living prefixes classsified? 3 What is the difference between conversion and suffixation? Compounding 1. bedroom (solid) reading-room (hyphenated) dining room (open) 2. flowerpot flower-pot flower pot ★Compounding or composition is a word –formation process consisting of joining two or more bases to form a new unit, a compound word (a compound). Criteria Used to Distinguish Compounds from Phrases ⅠOrthographic Criterion: solid hyphenated→ a compound toothpick(牙签) shoelace (鞋带) upgrade (上升,升级) after-effect(后效,副作用) show-off(炫耀) world-famous(闻名世界的) Ⅱ Phonological Criterion: compound accent (′_ _ ) (′_ 、_ ) → a compound phrase accent(、_ ′_ ) → a phrase ′space rocket (宇宙火箭) (a compound) ′blue ﹑bottle (绿头大苍蝇) (a compound) a﹑blue′bottle (蓝色的瓶子) (a phrase) Exceptions: phrase accent level stress→ a compound 、red ′tape (官样文章) (a compound) inverted ′comma(引号) (a compound) ′short-′sighted (近视的) (a compound) Ⅲ Semantic criterion: a single idea→ a compound mother wit (天生的智力) Indian paper (字典纸) dog days (暑天) Classification of Compounds 1. Noun compounds 1) Subject and verb crybaby(爱哭的孩子)→the
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