2012中国传媒大学考博英语模拟题2考卷.doc

中国传媒大学博士研究生入学考试 英语模拟试题二 Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension 略 Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage one: Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage. In a purely biological sense, fear begins with the bodys system for reacting to things that can harm us-- the so-called fight-or-flight response. An animal that cant detect danger cant stay alive. says Joseph LeDoux. Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for processing information about potential threats. At its core is a cluster of neurons (神经元)deep in the brain known as the amygdala(扁桃棱). LeDoux studies the way animals and humans respond to threats to understand how we form memories of significant events in our lives. The amygdala receives input from many parts of the brain, including regions responsible for retrieving memories. Using this information, the amygdala appraises a situation I think this charging dog wants to bite me--and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body. These signals produce the familiar signs of distress: trembling, perspiration and fast--moving feet, just to name three. This fear mechanism is critical to the survival of all animals, but no one can say for sure whether beasts other than humans know theyre afraid. That is all LeDoux says, if you put that system into a brain that has consciousness, then you get the feeling of fear. Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have the ability to call up images of bad things that happened in the past and to anticipate future events. Combine these higher thought processes with our hardwired danger-detection systems, and you get a near-universal human phenomenon: worry. Thats not neces