流化床还原铁矿粉工艺动力学模型.doc

摘要 目前，由于传统高炉炼铁生产存在环境污染严重和成本高的问题，世界各国都很重视开发洁净炼铁新工艺。流化床法就是非高炉炼铁中的新工艺，属于直接还原法。流化床还原铁矿粉工艺是一种充分利用粉矿石资源的新工艺，有必要研究流化床还原铁矿粉工艺动力学模型。 本课题以三界面未反应核模型为基础，建立一个能够考虑气泡和气泡晕对传质影响的动力学模型。首先通过模型假设以简化流化床内复杂的化学反应，其后进行动力学模型各种参数的计算和求解。再通过VB软件进行编程，进行可视化开发，将数据导入Origin软件获得实验结果。最后改变铁矿粉粒度、还原煤气温度和还原势、铁矿粉入炉温度等参数，讨论这些因素对流化床动力学过程的影响。 模型计算结果表明： (1) 铁矿粉的还原反应主要发生在流化床0~ 2m的高度范围内。铁矿粉初期的还原速度很快，一旦还原反应时间超过30 min、还原度超过60%时，还原度的增幅不明显。 (2) 采用小粒度的铁矿粉，床内气泡尺寸小和适宜的铁矿粉入炉温度(不小于400 K)、还原煤气温度(大于1120 K但不宜过高)、还原煤气还原势(不超过13)等条件下铁矿粉还原度明显提高。 Abstract At present, because the problem of serious environmental pollution and high cost exists in the traditional blast furnace ironmaking production, the world are endeavoring in the development of new clean ironmaking processes. Fluidized bed method is a new process of non-coking ironmaking, which belongs to the direct reduction methods. The process for iron ore fines reduced in fluidized bed is a new one that makes full use of powder mineral resources. It is necessary to study the dynamic model of iron ore fines reduced process in fluidized bed. In this thesis a dynamic model, which takes into account the effect of interior bubble and bubble cloud on mass transfer, was built based on three interface unreacted core model. First of all, the complex chemical reactions in fluidized bed were simplified through the model assumptions, then the dynamic model parameters were calculated and solved. Visual development was executed through VB programming software, and obtained the experimental results through importing data into origin software. Finally, the influences of the factors, including iron ore powder granularity, reduction temperature and reduction potential of reduction gas, iron ore powder charging temperature and other parameters, on the dynamic process in fluidized bed were discussed. The calculation results of the model show that: (1) Iron ore fines reduction reaction mainly occurs between 0m to 2m along fluidized bed. The reduction rate is large in initial stages, and the incr