[英语学习]Chapter 1语言学.pptVIP

Synchronic vs diachronic Speech vs Writing Langue vs Parole (Saussure) Langue: the abstract linguistic system shared by all members of the speech community. Parole: the realization of langue in actual use. Competence and performance (Chomsky) Competence: the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language Performance: the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication Traditional Grammar VS Modern Linguistics Traditional grammar: prescriptive, written, Latin-based framework, synchronic Modern linguistics: descriptive, spoken, not necessarily Latin-based framework, d