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吉布斯吸附等温式的应用—电解质溶液活度测定新
第 24卷第 7期 中国有色金属学报 2014年 7月
Volume 24 Number 7 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals July 2014
文章编号:10040609(2014)07187805
吉布斯吸附等温式的应用—电解质溶液活度测定新方法
陈辉煌,陈启元,刘常青,张平民,胡久刚
(中南大学 化学化工学院 有色金属资源化学教育部重点实验室,长沙 410083)
摘 要:采用最大气泡压力法测定 298.15 K,常压及不同离子强度(0.57~12.81 mol/kg)条件下氯化钴水溶液体系的
表面张力,建立表面张力与浓度关系的经验公式。应用 Gibbs 吸附等温式推导出表面张力与活度的关系式,提出
一种计算溶液活度因子的新模型,并利用实验数据回归得出了新模型参数。与文献中的数据相比,新模型计算数
据的标准偏差为 0.0632,与 Kim 归纳出的 Pitzer模型参数计算数据的标准偏差相近。结果表明:采用电解质溶液
活度测定新方法和计算模型可得到的氯化钴水溶液活度因子的精度较高,这使得通过测定电解质溶液表面张力计
算其活度因子(或活度)成为可能。
关键词:电解质溶液;活度因子;表面张力;最大气泡压力法;氯化钴;吉布斯吸附等温式
中图分类号:O645.17 文献标志码:A
Application of Gibbs adsorption isotherm—Anew method to
measure activity of electrolyte solutions
CHEN Huihuang, CHEN Qiyuan, LIU Changqing, ZHANG Pingmin, HU Jiugang
(Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Nonferrous Metals, Ministryof Education,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)
Abstract: The surface tension of cobalt chloride aqueous solution was determined using the maximum bubble pressure
method at 298.15 K and constant pressure with ionic strength ranging from 0.57 to 12.81 mol/kg, and the empirical
formula of surface tension as a function of concentration was constructed. The relationship between surface tension and
activity was derived by applying Gibbs adsorption isotherm, and a new model to calculate activity coefficient was
proposed and regressed based on experimental values. Compared with literature values, the standard deviation of results
calculated from the new model is 0.0632, which is close to that of Pit
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