[工程科技]Implementation of International Environmental Agreements.pdf

Working Paper Review Mechanisms in the Effective Implementation of International Environmental Agreements David G. Victor with Owen Greene, John Lanchbery, Juan Carlos di Primio and Anna Korula WP-94-114 November 1994 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis ] A-2361 Laxenburg Austria Tel: (43 2236) 807 ] email: info@iiasa.ac.at ] Fax: (43 2236) 71313 Preface Hundreds or even thousands of international legal instruments on the environment are in existence. What happens to international environmental agreements once they are signed, and how does the the process of implementing such agreements influence their effectiveness? These are the questions that motivate the IIASA project Implementation and Effectiveness of International Environmental Commitments (IEC). Research teams are examining these questions from many angles and with different methods. In this paper, David Victor, Owen Greene, John Lanchbery, Juan Carlos di Primio and Anna Korula survey the roles that implementation review mechanisms (IRMs) might play in promoting effective international agreements. Such mechanisms allow the parties and others to verify the extent to which another party is complying with an agreement and offer a venue to handle problems, for example, of poor performance or noncompliance. They can make agreements more effective by keeping the international bargain connected to the reality of what states can implement. Consequently, building more effective IRMs could be a major way that policy-makers could improve the effectiveness of international environmental agreements. From the vantage of major theories about international cooperation and implementation, the authors review all the major pathways by which IRMs might influence th