chapter6古罗马的城市英文.docVIP

Section1 The historical background of ancient Rome and Construction Section Overview The Roman era is the highest stage of development of western slavery. The Romans create unique architecture and Roman city construction style by relying on a huge amount of wealth and slaves, remarkable building technique and good materials, Greek and Oriental countries building types and shaping methods, combining with its own tradition. In city construction, the Roman people are not as good at making the most of terrain as the Greeks. but powerful to reform it. This is the reason that why the Romans can extensive use of slave labor. Roman geographical position was in Italy territory at first. With the developing of the country and territorial expanding, the territory has been expanded to Europe, Asia and Africa by the Roman Empire. When Emperor Trajan (AD 98 to 117 years) was in power, the population is more than 1 million (around 800 million native Italians in the Roman Empire) .Its rare to see that the quantity and the large of Roman cities in the worlds ancient civilizations. There are thousands of cities in the maps of the Roman Empire. Just Spain for example, there are over 400 important cities and 293 secondary cities. Medium and small cities have tens of thousands of people at that time. Large cities have the population of up to several hundred thousand, or nearly a million. Dense land-sea commercial trade network maintain the economic life of the empire. Most of the material flows of goods is sustained by the market mechanism of commercial economy and free trade. That Empire dense spider web around the highway transportation system, huge gold and silver mining, massive slave labor and the law of nations provide the material and legal guarantees for the development of economy. Roman history can be divided into three periods, namely Etruria Period (750 BC ~300BC), Roman Republic (510 BC ~ 30 BC) and the Roman Empire.(30 BC - AD 476). Starting from 395 AD, the Roman Empire