基于FTP的三维轮廓测量方法及实验.docVIP

基于FTP的三维轮廓测量方法及实验 　　摘 要:为了快速、高精确度地得到物体的三维轮廓信息,在此利用傅里叶变换轮廓术,将被测物体置于光栅投影下,采集变形光栅图像,根据被测物体表面的高度与相位差之间的映射关系,通过在计算机中与参考光栅原像的比较分析,以获得被测物体的三维轮廓信息。实验中搭建了由LCD投影仪、CCD摄像机、图像采集卡和光学导轨等组成的光栅投影测量系统的硬件平台,提出了用1台计算机同时控制投影和采集处理光栅图像,根据映射关系在多次实验中不断修改优化测量参数,做到既不影响视场范围,又保证较高的测量精度,并给出了由计算机重建后较好的三维轮廓图像精度及其实验的测量误差分析。 　　关键词:FTP; 三维轮廓测量; 光栅投影法; 三维重构 　　中图分类号:TP391 文献标识码:A 　　文章编号:1004-373X(2010)12-0111-03 　　 　　Method of 3-D Profile Measurement and Experiment Based on FTP 　　JIANG Lei 　　(Nedong County Fire Brigade, Tibet General Fire Brigade, Shannan 856000, China) 　　Abstract:In order to obtain the high-precision 3-D profile information of an object at high speed, based on Fourier transform profilometry (FTP), the images of the object′s reference grating and deformation grating are collected. According to the mapping relation between height of the object surface and phase difference, after being analyzed and prepared with the original image by computer, 3D profile information of the object is obtained. A grating project measurement platform proposed of LCD projector, CCD camera, image grabbing card, optical guides and so on was established in the experiment. Both the image projection and acquisition were implemented by one computer. On the basis of the mapping relation, the measurement parameters are modified and optimized in the experiments, which promises the measuring accuracy and an enough field range. The ??object′s?? 3-D profile image reconstructed by a computer and the measurement error analysis according to the experiment are given. 　　Keywords:FTP; 3-D profile measurement; grating projection method; 3-D reconstruction 　　 　　0 引 言 　　傅里叶变换轮廓术(Fourier transform profilometry,FTP)是结构照明型三维传感领域中运用较为广泛的一种方法,FTP以Ronchi光栅(或正弦光栅)产生的结构光投影到待测量的三维物体表面,获取被测物体面形调制的变形条纹光场,成像系统将该变形光场成像于CCD探测器上,通过在计算机上与参考光栅原像的比较分析处理,以获得物体的三维轮廓信息[1-4]。用该种方法获取的数据具有速度快,系统结构简单,精度较高,适合计算机快速处理等特点。本文简要介绍了利用傅里叶变换轮廓术测量物体三维轮廓信息的基本原理,并在实验室搭建了由LCD投影仪、CCD摄像机、图像采集卡和光学导轨等组成的光栅投影测量系统的硬件平台,给出了由计算机重构后具有较好精度的三维轮廓图像及其实验的测量误差分析。 　　1