2018年泛珠三角及中华名校物理奥林匹克邀请赛.pdf

1 Pan Pearl River Delta Physics Olympiad 2018 2018 年泛珠三角及中华名校物理奥林匹克邀请赛 Sponsored by Institute for Advanced Study, HKUST 香港科技大学高等研究院赞助 简体版卷 （共题， 分） Simplified Chinese Part-1 (Total 6 Problems, 45 Points) -1 6 45 (9:00 am – 11:45 am, 22 February, 2018) Please fill in your final answers to all problems on the answer sheet. 请在答题纸上填上各题的最后答案。 At the end of the competition, please submit the answer sheet only. Question papers and working sheets will not be collected. 比赛结束时，请只交回答题纸 ，题目纸和草稿纸将不会收回 。 白昼长度 （分） 1. Length of Daytime (7 points) 7 (a) In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle lying on an inclined plane making an angle q with the horizontal plane. ABEF is the projection of the rectangle on the horizontal plane. If the measure of the angle DAC is f, derive an expression for the angle a. [2] 如图所示，矩形 ABCD 位于斜面上，斜面与水平面夹角为q 。ABEF 为该矩形于水 平面的投影。设角 DAC 为f ，试推导角a 的表达式。[2] D C f F E a q A B (b) The ecliptic is the plane on which the Earth revolves around the Sun. The axis of rotation of the Earth is inclined at an angle of 23.4o with the normal to the ecliptic. The day of the Winter Solstice (in the Northern Hemisphere) is 21 December. Using the result of (a) or otherwise, calculate the incident angle of sunlight relative to Earth’s equatorial plane today (22 February). [2] 黄道面是指地球围绕太阳公转的平面。地球的自转轴相对于黄道面的法线倾斜，角 o