国际贸易海运提单欺诈成因分析 英文资料推荐.doc

Analysis of the Causes of the bill of lading fraud Paper Keywords: bill of lading causes of credit fraud Paper Abstract: In international trade, transport, maritime transport of goods has always been dominant, while sea freight bill of lading is the most important documents, has become a major international trade and shipping one way.However, with the development of international trade and shipping, bills of lading fraud has been a serious crisis to the normal operation of the bill of lading system, impeding the smooth progress of international trade. This in-depth analysis of the bill of lading the causes of fraud in order to better prevent fraudulent bills of lading, bills of lading in international trade to play a greater role in promoting. International trade practice, the bill of lading fraud more complex causes, such as bill of lading is not a strict format requirements, management is not strict on the blank bill of lading, the theft of blank bill of lading, the law did not provide for any penalties, so the comparison of fraud simple facilities.From the efficiency point of view, forged bill of lading, whether technically or in terms of costs are relatively easy to use bills of lading which is probably the direct cause of rampant fraud. Credit system: the system of fraud causes of the bill of lading 　　 The main reason leading to the bill of lading was fraudulent letters of credit system, more specifically the principle of independence is rooted in the letter of credit and from which it derived from the principle of strict conformity. (A) letter of credit system and its basic principles Documentary letter of credit or letter of credit is the issuing bank to buy the prescribing or issuing bank opened its own to ensure that submitted by the beneficiary and the terms and conditions of the letter of credit consistent with the requirements of the bill or pay it promises. Documentary credits as one of the tools of international trade finance, is created by British