中西文明选读（英文版）第6章_Education教材教学课件.pptVIP

Chapter Six Education ;【6.1 The Education of China】 【中国文学】;I. Basic Education China’s reform and opening up since 1978 has brought the basic education into a new period of development. In 1999, the State Council mapped out an outlined program for the reform and development of the educational system, making clear the orientation of development and basic principles for developing basic education. Basic education services are principally provided by local governments under the guidance of the state. The State Education Commission is responsible for formulating rules, principles and policies and general development program and basic school systems. The state has set aside grants for poverty-stricken areas, areas inhabited by people of minority nationalities and teachers’ schools. . ;Nursery Schools Nursery schools are mainly in cities. Some offer three-year education services; some offer one year or two years of education. The nursery schools are managed according to the state regulations on the management of nursery schools and work procedure for nurseries and other legal documents issued by the state. 2. Primary and Secondary Schools In China, there are primary schools, junior secondary schools and senior secondary schools, offering a total of 12 years of education. Primary schools usually last five years or six years. The nine years from primary to junior secondary are the compulsory education period. The regular senior secondary schools usually last three years to prepare the students for further and higher education. ;II. Higher Education Since the implementation of reform and opening up, the reform and development of higher or tertiary education have made significant achievements. A higher education system with various forms, which encompasses basically all branches of learning, combines both degree-education and non-degree education and integrates college education, undergraduate education and