超临界co2萃取毛棶籽油及gc.doc

超临界CO2萃取毛梾籽油及GC-MS分析 吴秋 王成忠* 刘家惠 （齐鲁工业大学食品与生物工程学院，济南 250353） 摘要：毛梾作为一种新型木本油料，果实含油率可达36%～38%CO2萃取毛梾籽油，实现了“边提取边脱色”，解决了传统溶剂提取后溶剂残留这一困扰的同时省去了脱色步骤。在进行了压力、时间、温度的单因素，选出合适条件后进行正交优化，综合考虑油脂提取率、色泽、状态等确定认为最优参数为压力16 MPa，温度为40 ℃，频率21.3 Hz，料液比为1︰1.1 g/38.9%，吸光度为0.203，颜色浅黄，无杂质，透明，品质较好。GC-MS分析得到其主要成分有棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸等。 关键词：毛梾籽油 提取率 脂肪酸 超临界 GC-MS 中图分类号：TS224 文献标识码：A 文章编号 ） - The?extraction?of?Cornus?wateri?oil?by?supercritical?carbon?dioxide ?and?it，s?GC-MS?analysis （W Cheng-zhong* Wu Qiu Liu Jia-hui） (College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology，Jinan 250353，China) SummaryAs a new woody oil plant, the oil content of Cornus walteri seed can be up to 36%～38%.Theoil smells fragrant but it，s Color is too deep to dislodge with traditional method. On this study, We used ethanol to be the carrying agent of CO2 to extract the Cornus walteri seed oil in supercritical state,which realized the oil extraction and decoloring at the same time, leaving out the decoloring steps of oil refining. Through orthogonal experiment design, the best condition of extraction was as follow:the ratio of liquid to solid was 1︰g/mL at 40℃、16 MPa and the?frequency of 21.3 Hz . In this parameter，the extraction ratio was up to 38.9% and absorbancy was 0.203. Then we tr to analysis the oil constituent? and found that the oil of Cornus walteri contains palmitic?acid、?palmitoleic?acid、oleic?acid、inoleic?acid、stearic?acid trans-oleic acid.Among these fatty acid,the palmitoleic?acid was rare species,which always existed in valuable cod-liver oil and whale?oil. Key Words：Cornus walteri, extraction ratio, fatty acid, supercritical, GC-MS 收稿日期：2015-08-22 作者简介：吴秋，女，1991年出生，在读研究生，食品资源开发 通讯作者：王成忠* ，男，1964年出生，教授，食品资源开发 1.毛梾籽油简介 1.1毛梾籽油来源及其树种简介 毛梾，又名车梁木，树种耐干旱、耐盐碱，长于我国西南、西北、鲁西南等地。毛梾种子含油率高达36%～3%，毛梾籽油可以被当做食用油或者生物柴油使用。毛油颜色深棕色，经碱炼、脱色后色泽透亮，不饱和脂肪酸含量高，种类丰富。