石油磺酸盐的生产毕业论文-应用文.doc

**石油高等专科学校 毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 设计题目： 石油磺酸盐的生产 班 级： 化工1001  摘要 石油磺酸盐是石油及其馏份为原料，用磺化剂磺化，再用碱中和而制成的产品。由于石油磺酸盐的原料多用混合物，所以产品的组成较为复杂，质量随原料组成及工艺条件而变化。其原料可用原油、拔头原油、原油馏份和原油加工半成品油。 　　工艺步骤：一、磺化，以石油炼油厂１５０－５００ＳＮ基础油为原料，利用ＳＯ↓［３］气体磺化；二、萃取分离，用烷基醇作萃取剂，按重量比酸性油∶烷基醇＝０．５～１０；三、第二次磺化，取萃后油、脱水处理后，进行二次磺化；四、中和浓缩，把第一次磺化和第二次磺化经萃取剂萃取后的下层液体，用固体无机碱溶解在烷基醇中，溶解完全后、中和，中和后蒸馏浓缩，烷基醇蒸尽后制得石油磺酸盐产品。提高石油采收率１９－２４％。（本方法已申请专利，专利 关键词:石油磺酸酸盐、三次采油、磺化  ABSTRACT Petroleum sulfonate is oil and its fractions as raw material, using sulfonated agent sulphonated, reoccupy alkali neutralization and manufactured products. Because the petroleum sulfonate multi-purpose mixture of raw materials, so product composition is more complicated, the quality change according to the raw material composition and processing conditions. The raw materials available, pull head, crude oil, oil fractions of crude and semi refined oil crude oil processing. Process steps: a, sulfonated to oil refineries in 150-500 sn base oil as raw material, using sulfonated SO left [3] gas; Second, extraction separation, using alkyl alcohol as extracting agent, acid oil by weight ratio: alkyl alcohol = 0.5 ~ 10; Third, second sulfonation, after extraction oil, dehydrated after processing, the second sulfonated; Four, and enrichment, and for the first time the sulfonated and second sulfonated lower after extraction solvent extraction liquid, with a solid inorganic alkali dissolved in alkyl alcohols, dissolved completely, and after, and after the distillation concentration, alkyl alcohol evaporate after petroleum sulfonate system products. Enhanced oil recovery (19-24%. (this method has applied for patents, patent no. KEY WORDS: oil, tertiary oil recovery, sulfonated sulfonic acid sal 目 录 前言 1 第一章 综述 2 1.1公司简介 2 1.2工艺原理 3 1.3工艺流程简图 3 第二章 原料油调配 4 2.1工艺流程说明 4 2.2工艺流程图 4 2.3开工前的准备 5 2.4具体操作 6 2.5停工前的准备工作 7 2.6停工程序 7 2.7扫线原则和要求 7 2.8扫线流程 8 第三章 反应岗位 11